Are techniques used for intramuscular injection based on research evidence? It is one of the fastest ways to get a drug into the body. Do not put the cap back on the needle. The most common sites are the abdomen and the front of the thigh, but injecting in your abdomen may cause less pain than injecting in your thigh because your abdomens skin isnt as tight. Place the heel of your hand on the hip of the person receiving the injection, with your fingers pointing toward their head. LEGS: Circulation in the legs may be poor, especially in people who dont use theirs a lot. To prevent contaminating your entire supply (especially if youre sharing it with someone else), be sure to use only a sterile needle and syringe when drawing the liquid up from the bottle in which its stored. The more perpendicular the needle is to the injection site, the greater chance you have of sticking the needle through the vein instead of into it. At the bottom of the two fingers will be an upside-down triangle. Circulation is also slower in the hands, causing healing to take longer. Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press. You can cause serious liver damage and increase the risk of blood clots. These cookies do not store any personal information. When a medication is injected directly into muscle, it is called an intramuscular injection (IM). If youre prescribed an injection that you have to administer yourself at home then its likely itll be a SC injection. All rights reserved. Give the injection in the center of the triangle. Cocaine has a numbing effect on the veins and causes them to constrict (shrink), so if youre shooting coke, you should be extra careful to register properly and make sure youre in a vein before you inject your drugs. Meet the community. In the meantime, that vein cant be used. Second, apply gentle pressure with a gauze pad over the injection site as you remove the needle from your skin, and hold it for about 10 seconds. Insert the needle into the vial. Different injections will have their own storage, preparation and use instructions, so its important to follow the instructions for the specific medication you have. Veins have no pulse, and the blood they carry is a deep, dark red because it is low in oxygen. Depo-Provera typically suppresses ovulation, keeping your ovaries from releasing an egg. People who take insulin daily should rotate their injection sites. Unlike some veins, nerves are not visible from outside the body, although you will definitely know if youve hit one while injecting because youll experience extreme pain and no blood will enter the syringe when you pull back to register. You may find it useful to use a calendar and/or mark injection sites on a picture of a body to help you remember where youve recently injected. And it's not clear whether this loss is reversible. Depending on your start date, your health care provider might recommend that you use a backup method of birth control for seven days after your first injection. IV cannulation procedure for nurses to place a peripheral IV catheter (PIVC). (2014). This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. She is currently working on research for the American Society of Reproductive Medicine and strives to be an influential leader for her nurses and an advocate for her patients. Potential Health Complications of Injection Drug Use, Getting Ready: Preparing Yourself & Your Equipment, Getting Off: The Basics of Safer Injection, Hierarchy of Safety for Choosing Intravenous Injection Sites. Light bleeding at the injection site is normal, but a person can use a bandage if necessary. Do not inject more than the prescribed amount; it will not speed up your treatment process. How do I remember to take my medications? Deep veins are harder to hit, and trying to access them increases your chance of hitting a nerve or artery in the process. A healthcare professional can use injections to administer vaccines and other types of medications into a persons vein, muscle, skin, or bone. You will develop a feel for where your veins are and how you need to position and insert your needle in order to get a good hit. If. 2023 Healthline Media LLC. Choose the correct needle size for the vein. Be sure not to touch the injection site with your fingers after youve cleaned it. New blood vessels will develop to bypass the collapsed vein. Chances are getting upset will only increase your difficulty, so take a few deep breaths and start over again in a calmer state of mind. Injections, also known as shots, deliver liquid medications, fluids, or nutrients directly into a person's body. For example, certain drugs that treat multiple sclerosis or rheumatoid arthritis may require self-injection. It may help to prevent you or your loved ones from getting sick or help to treat a condition you already have. Available for Android and iOS devices. You may have received an intramuscular injection at a doctors office the last time you got a vaccine, like the flu shot. Accessed Oct. 13, 2019. The plunger is used to get medicine into and out of the syringe. There are several things you can do to decrease the chance of insulin leaking out of your body. Blood flow will resume once the swelling goes down. It will probably be painful and become swollen, and the effects of your drugs will come on much more slowly. Tie your tourniquet in such a way that it can be easily removed if necessary. If youre getting off in your hands, be sure to use the thinnest needle possible (highest gauge) or, if you can find one, a butterfly needle. Insert the new needle in a different spot, and check again to see if there is blood. [Accessed November 2, 2021]. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Fire in the vein: Heroin acidity and its proximal effect on users health. (This section taken from Positive Health Projects Safety Guidelines for Injecting Hormones.), S K I N P O P P I N G ( S U B C U T A N E O U S I N J E C T I O N ), Skin-popping is the injection of drugs between the bodys skin and fat layers. Its deep and not close to any major blood vessels or nerves. Skin-popping can be uncomfortable, and the bump you create may hurt a bit. Healthline only shows you brands and products that we stand behind. How can I stop my injection from leaking? The plunger of your syringe is forced back by the pressure of the blood. Wait several seconds before removing the insulin syringe from your body. Here are 5 steps to follow when giving injections at home: A fear of needles or injections is very common, affecting about 1 in 10 people. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Pull the plunger out to fill the syringe with air. Dispose of both the syringe and the medicine. Kennedy CE, et al. The barrel holds the medicine and has markings on it like a ruler. Your health care provider will clean the injection site with an alcohol pad. Divide the upper thigh into three equal parts. Just stop the bleeding and continue on as normal. We include products we think are useful for our readers. How Does an IV Work? They may be used instead of oral delivery because some drugs are destroyed by the digestive system when you swallow them. She is currently working on research for the American Society of Reproductive Medicine and strives to be an influential leader for her nurses and an advocate for her patie. Some signs of an infected wound include:. Areas that are farthest from the heart, like the hands and feet, heal the slowest and have the poorest circulation. (2015). Another tip is to select one area of the body and work your way around that area administering the injections with a 1-2 inch (2.5-5cm) gap between injection sites. There are several reasons this can happen. Otherwise, it might cause stinging. Prepare and administer your injection following the instructions for use. Bruising should start to lighten within a few days and disappear completely within 10 to 12 days. ID injections are commonly used for allergy and TB testing. Depo-Provera is given as an injection every three months. Depending on the condition you are treating, Botox may be administered as an IM, ID or intradetrusor injection. For example, research shows that heroins acidity can damage veins. What happens when the medicine is injected? Try to use a new site for each new injection and go back to sites youve already used only after theyve had time to rest and repair themselves. Bridging the Gap Foundation; 2020. Skin-popping speed can be very painful, may cause an abscess, and will take a long time for the body to absorb. If youre not used to giving yourself a shot, you may be worried if you see blood or medicine leaking from the injection site. What happens if blood comes after injection? Increased pain or swelling. They might include: Consult your health care provider as soon as possible if you have: Many experts believe progestin-only contraceptive methods, such as Depo-Provera, carry significantly lower risks of these types of complications than do contraceptive methods that contain both estrogen and progestin. However, reading about how to inject and actually doing it are two different things. While each injection method carries its own risks, mainlining is arguably the riskiest since it creates a direct opening between the bloodstream and the outside world. The mouth, lips, or face swells after the injection is given. subcutaneous (injected into the fatty tissue just under the layer of skin), puncture-resistant container to discard the used needles and syringe (typically a red, plastic sharps container). Depending on the location of the vein, this can lead to circulation problems. Pull your needle out in the same direction and angle at which you inserted it. If you're concerned about HIV, talk with your health care provider. Read on to learn more about the four most common types of injection and where on the body they should be given. Redness and heat around the wound. Gather all the supplies you need including the medication, an alcohol wipe, gauze, a plaster, sharps container and gloves for example. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. Learn why and how the procedure is done. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Allow the alcohol to dry completely before the injection. Often, you can treat bleeding into the skin at home. Alcohol pads work well for this purpose, but be sure to wipe in only one direction and not in a circular motion which will cause the dirt and germs to stay on your skin. Clinical Procedures For Safer Patient Care. Intramuscular. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Just a few reasons to keep at it (and going solo counts): It boosts your immune system, burns calories, lowers blood pressure, helps you relax, eases . Follow these steps for a safe intramuscular injection: Wash your hands with soap and warm water to prevent potential infection. Heres how to administer, Low levels of the male hormone testosterone affect muscle mass, bone density, and more. Malkin B. Also, chances are that if youre shooting coke, youll be injecting many times in a short period of time with perhaps only several minutes between each injection. If needles make you uncomfortable, face the other direction and focus on taking long, deep breaths until its over. The needle size and injection site will depend on many factors. To help prevent infection when giving yourself a shot, always wash your hands, clean the injection site, and keep your needles sterile. [Accessed November 2, 2021]. What are the potential complications of a blown vein? Available from: NHS, Guys and St Thomas, NHS Foundation Trust. The physical and psychoactive effects that result from an intramuscular injection of a drug come on much more slowly than those of an intravenous injection (half an hour to forty-five minutes versus almost immediately), although the overall, cumulative intensity of the effects and the experience are virtually identical. Injection site reactions are usually caused by an immune response to the needle, vaccine, or other medicine. Areas nearest to the heart (like the groin and the neck) have veins that are located near major arteries and nerves which, if accidentally hit, can cause serious, life-threatening damage. Intradermal. If possible, find someone who you trust to mentor you through this process. The ventrogluteal muscle is the safest site for adults and children older than 7 months. Learning how to inject properly, like mastering any other complicated activity, takes practice. Thats why its important to relax your arm and stay as still as you can until the needle is all the way in and the healthcare provider has loosened the tourniquet. Its fine, your body will heal. IV catheters are best placed where they are easy to access and the blood flow is good. Inject your substance slowly. If you are new to injecting, we can only caution you to read this manual thoroughly before you begin and to go slow and be aware of everything youre doing. (n.d.). (2008). This is because muscle tissue has a greater blood supply than the tissue just under your skin. Small amounts of medication can sometimes leak backwards through this track and be absorbed into other tissues. device in an older adult. An injection is a way of administering a liquid to a person using a needle and syringe. Its easier to find a good vein if youre well hydrated. Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, for Depo-Provera (contraceptive injection), Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Mayo Clinic on High Blood Pressure - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic on Hearing and Balance - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press, Financial Assistance Documents Minnesota, Book: Mayo Clinic Guide to a Healthy Pregnancy, Book: Mayo Clinic Guide to Fertility and Conception, You don't want to take a birth control pill every day, You have health problems such as anemia, seizures, sickle cell disease, endometriosis or uterine fibroids, Eliminates the need to interrupt sex for contraception, Lessens menstrual blood flow, and in some cases stops menstruation, Sensitivity to any component of Depo-Provera, Irregular periods and breakthrough bleeding, Heavy bleeding or concerns about your bleeding patterns, Pus, prolonged pain, redness, itching or bleeding at the injection site. Wolicki J, et al. EtoseLvr03 said: I gave a patient an IM injection of 100 mg Thorazine in the LUQ today, and as soon as I withdrew the needle, she really started bleeding quite a bit, like when you remove an IV from a vein, and it pours out . journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0300060514531924, nursingtimes.net/clinical-archive/medicine-management/are-techniques-used-for-intramuscular-injection-based-on-research-evidence-16-12-2008/, onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02177.x, cdc.gov/handwashing/when-how-handwashing.html, cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/vac-admin.html, Zara Risoldi Cochrane, Pharm.D., M.S., FASCP, Insulin Injection Sites: Where and How to Inject. Write down your questions so you remember to ask them during your visits. The following is a breakdown of possible intravenous injection sites, beginning with the safest options and moving toward the least safe ones. A blown vein occurs when a needle punctures through the vein and causes it to rupture. Its a good idea to know where your major nerves are so that you can avoid them when getting off. Injecting intravenously usually gives the user a rush that many people report to be extremely pleasurable, a sensation that does not occur with intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. If you've just given birth, your first injection will be done within five days of giving birth, even if you're breast-feeding. Arms are also good if youre concerned about hiding your injection or track marks (although wearing long sleeves in the summer can be a drag!). In time, accessing functioning veins can become problematic. If the patient is on warfarin, or takes large doses of aspirin, getting subcutaneous heparin, or an active alcoholic they could bleed at the injection site without having accessed a vein. Can I use flour instead of potato starch? Your health care provider might recommend Depo-Provera if: Depo-Provera isn't appropriate for everyone, however. Get practical resources to support people affected by drug use. Avoid lemon juice or vinegar, as these can lead to serious infections.
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